CAGR normalizes uneven growth across years. A company that grew 30%, then 10%, then 50% had a CAGR of ~27.5% — more informative than any single year.
Rule of 40
The Rule of 40 is the primary SaaS health benchmark:
Rule of 40 = Growth Rate + Net Margin
A score ≥ 40 indicates a balanced, sustainable SaaS business. A company growing at 60% can operate at −20% margin and still score 40. A slow-grower at 10% needs a 30%+ margin to pass.
The Rule of 40 captures the fundamental SaaS trade-off: growth and profitability. Early-stage companies prioritize growth over margins; mature companies prioritize margins over growth. The Rule of 40 says both are acceptable as long as the sum is 40+.
Different practitioners use different profit metrics:
- EBITDA margin: Most common for pre-IPO companies
- Free cash flow margin: Preferred by public market investors
- Net income margin: Most conservative
Limitations
Rule of 40 works best for companies with $10M+ ARR. For very early-stage startups, growth rate alone matters more. For large public companies, free cash flow margin is often the better profitability input.